See some 20m sprint test results. With intramuscular stores of around 300 mmol/kg dry muscle (17), glycogen availability is not likely to majorly compromise ATP provision during repeated sprints (using protocols similar to current investigations) (18). Endurance Testing The most obvious measurement of interest for endurance athletes (when aiming to compare them to other athletes) is the performance time for a given event or competition. Also, intracellular Pi accumulation may interfere with muscle function by inhibiting Ca2+ release from SR, control actin-myosin cross-bridge interactions, and thereby regulate force production. As track athletes have been shown to still be accelerating through distances on approximately 50m (1, 2, 3), then the 20m sprint test may be a useful marker purely of their ability to accelerate. 22. 31. Sahlin K, Ren JM. To measure aerobic power. The front foot must be on or behind the starting line. target population: basketball other sports in which speed over a similar distance is important. If the subject feels ill or goes quiet or pale, they should lie down with their feet resting on a chair. 2021 Aug 1;53(8):1624-1629. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002637. Darrall-Jones, JD, Jones, B, Roe, G, and Till, K. Reliability and usefulness of linear sprint testing in adolescent rugby union and league players. your express consent. Influence of familiarization on the reliability of vertical jump and acceleration sprinting performance in physically active men. Start from a stationary position, with one foot in front of the other. to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without reliability: Reliability is greatly improved if timing Height of the timing gates To the authors knowledge, only one study to date has assessed the effects of timing gate height on sprint performance (15). 21. The test may be good for ten to sixty meters, recorded by a stopwatch or timing gates. What is less clear, are the physiological variables most responsible for improving RSA. Reliability of power in physical performance tests. As an example, we do not take any responsibility for any injury or illness caused during any test administration. Barr MJ, Sheppard JM, Gabbett TJ, Newton RU. In fact, using only three split times is more than enough. J Physiol 338: 2122, 1982. Glaister M. Multiple sprint work: Physiological responses, mechanisms of fatigue and the influence of aerobic fitness. In essence, V[Combining Dot Above]O2max has not been reported to relate to RSA when sprints of less than 40 m (or 6 seconds) have been used (15). Stone MH, Stone M, Sands W. Principles and Practice of Resistance Training. 9. MeSH Please try again soon. Hultman E, Sjholm H. Energy metabolism and contraction force of human skeletal muscle in situ during electrical stimulation. The moderating role of physical fitness in the relationship between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and adiposity in schoolchildren. modify the keyword list to augment your search. Yquel RJ, Arsac LM, Thiaudiere E, Canioni P, Manier G. Effect of creatine supplementation on phosphocreatine resynthesis, inorganic phosphate accumulation and pH during intermittent maximal exercise. Despite the usefulness of sprint times at each split being rated as marginal, Hopkins (21) has proposed a method whereby plotting the change score of the individual (TE expressed as a CV%) against the SWC is capable of visualizing when a change has occurred. The .gov means its official. Perform an appropriate warm up. We are also on facebook and twitter. The 20-meter sprint is a standard timed event for measuring speed. It is therefore vital that the strength and conditioning coach or sport scientist truly understands what aspect of performance they wish to measure (i.e. For example, the 20m sprint test may only measure acceleration in track athletes, whereas it might display maximum speed in some team sport athletes especially when performed from a rolling- or flying-start. We recommend that practitioners and researchers use the TE alongside the SWC to make an informed decision on whether a change is both real (greater than the noise of the test, i.e., >TE) and of practical significance (>SWC), as proposed by Hopkins (21). Wolters Kluwer Health Also, Balsom et al. 19. If three sprints were completed, all the scores are normally then generated into a mean score which provides an overall 20m sprint time. Because the majority of field-based team sports involve active recovery, its athletes may indirectly be employing this method (35). var months = new Array ("January","February","March","April","May","June","July", Strength & Conditioning Journal, 34(2), 37-41. As a result, test administrators must pay great attention and attempt to communicate clearly in order to maximise the accuracy of the results. Association of acceleration with spatiotemporal variables in maximal sprinting. Of note, in field-based team sports, glycogen-loading strategies are important in minimizing performance decrements (35). Brughelli, and D.M. 25. 18(2):276280. As the distance from the start-line, starting position, and the height of the timing gates have all been shown to affect the test results, it is advised that these are all mandated and kept consistent to avoid testing error. 25. The 20m sprint (with split timing at 5m and 10m) has a high reliability and, because most tennis nations use it, has adequate normative data for the various age groups. 10. Is a fatigue index a worthwhile measure of repeated sprint ability? Balsom P, Seger J, Sjdin B, Ekblom B. Maximal-intensity intermittent exercise: Effect of. Online ahead of print. Docherty D, Wenger HA, Neary P. Time-motion analysis related to the physiological demands of rugby. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 9: 511514, 2014. For the purposes of this article, the term sprint refers to efforts of 6 seconds, whereby peak power/velocity could be maintained throughout the repetition. To keep up with the latest in sport science and this website, subscribe to our newsletter. Use our testing guide to conducting, recording, and interpreting fitness tests. You should consider the validity, reliability, costs and ease of use for each test. Differences less than the SWC/SPD were described as trivial. Part 3 between-day reliability was determined by calculating TE as follows: with Sdiff as the SD of the difference score (21) using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (19), and expressed as raw TE (seconds) and as a CV (%). J Sports Sci. However, there are conflicting findings regarding this relationship, which appear largely attributable to the RSA test used. 2. This suggests that when practitioners interpret sprint times in adolescent rugby players, the reliability and usefulness of the test must be accounted for when inferring whether a change in performance has occurred. Med Sci Sports Exerc 41: 3, 2009. 10 meter sprint J Sports Sci Med 13: 476482, 2014. If possible, set up the track with a crosswind to minimize the effect of wind. This setup must be adhered to if accurate and reliable data is desired. Important information for using timing gates Though the 20m sprint test is commonly used to measure acceleration in both track and team sport athletes, there is currently uncertainties to what this test actually measures. Here are results for the 20m sprint tests from a variety of sports. Please try after some time. The assistant starts the CD, and the athlete commences . Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1998. On an auditory signal, the athlete sprints the stated distance at maximal speed. 36. Repeat sprint ability (RSA) describes the ability of an athlete to recover and maintain maximal effort during subsequent sprints, an attribute considered important to team sports. The small difference between sessions 1 and 2 in 10-m split time may highlight variations in the timing, magnitude, and application of mechanical horizontal force that is required to accelerate (8). J Hum Mov Stud. What are the advantages of the 30m sprint test? J Sci Med Sport 12: 2023, 2009. Each participant MUST complete a MINIMUM OF THREE SPRINTS, each separated by a 2-3 minute rest if reliable results are desired. Valarani F, Giuriato M, Puci MV, Vandoni M, Codella R, Lovecchio N. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. All players were familiar with the testing procedures and trained at the club 23 times per week including resistance training, aerobic conditioning, speed development, and speed technique sessions. Wolters Kluwer Health 37. During brief maximal sprints, the rapid drop in PCr is offset by increased activation of glycolysis. Though the 20m sprint test is commonly used to measure acceleration in both track and team sport athletes, there is currently uncertainties to what this test actually measures. Advantages Minimal equipment required Simple to set up and conduct Can be conducted almost anywhere Disadvantages Assistant required to administer the test Free Calculator Flying 30 metre Test Calculator - a free Microsoft Excel spreadsheet you can download and use on your computer. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . In summary, maximal effort sprints rely on a fast and constant turnover of ATP, powered by the PCr system and anaerobic glycolysis (17). For example, Gaitanos et al. Advances in electronic timing systems: Considerations for selecting an appropriate timing system. Turner, Anthony N. MSc, CSCS*D1; Stewart, Perry F. MSc, CSCS2, 1London Sport Institute, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom, 2Sport Science and Medicine department, Queens Park Rangers Football Club, London, United Kingdom. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 5: 317, 2010. Researchers and practitioners can use the TE and SWC from this study to assess changes in performance of adolescent rugby players when using single beam timing gates. J Strength Cond Res 26: 12451248, 2012. Muscle fatigue and exhaustion during dynamic leg exercise in normoxia and hypobaric hypoxia. Andrzejewski, M., Chmura, J., Pluta, B., & Konarski, J. M. (2015). It was concluded that 10-m time is a good reflection of acceleration capabilities and either 20 to 40 m in a 40-m sprint test or 20 to 30 m in a 30-m sprint test can be used to estimate. Reliability of the test variables during the 2 sessions was assessed using the TE of measurement expressed as raw data and as a CV%. 33. Data analysis was completed in the following order: Parts 1 and 2 were examined using magnitude-based inferences (20), with between-code effects examined using a pooled SD as groups were independent, whereas consecutive trials used SD of trial 1 to ascertain short-term reliability. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 19: 5666, 1967. 20m or 20 yard Sprint Test Results Fitness testing protocols often include a running test of speed, conducted as a maximal sprint over a set distance. 2022 Dec 8;9(12):1926. doi: 10.3390/children9121926. Read Now! 31. Although the test was incapable of detecting the SWC, we recommend that practitioners and researchers use Hopkins' proposed method; whereby plotting the change score of the individual at each split (typical error [TE] expressed as a CV) against the SWC and visually inspecting whether the TE crosses into the SWC are capable of identifying whether a change is both real (greater than the noise of the test, i.e., >TE) and of practical significance (>SWC). By Owen WalkerJanuary 28th, 2016 | 9 min read. Twenty-eight junior rugby players (rugby union, n = 14; rugby league, n = 14) participated in the study (age 17.7 0.6 years, height 180.9 6.4 cm, and body mass 85.9 9.4 kg) during midseason. Recent recommendations have been made regarding optimizing acceleration capabilities in elite rugby union and league players with horizontally orientated resistance exercises to maximize horizontal force production, thus improving acceleration ability (11). This will allow practitioners to make informed decisions on testing data and further allow researchers to report individual changes in response to training interventions. results: Two trials are allowed, and the best time is recorded to the nearest 2 decimal places. Highlight selected keywords in the article text. The usefulness of the test was assessed by comparing the SWC with the TE (22). (15) found that the velocity at onset of blood lactate accumulation (vOBLA) better correlated with RSA performance (r = 0.49); vOBLA reflects peripheral aerobic training adaptations and is associated with an increased capillary density and capacity to transport lactate and H+ ions (9,39). The rookie recorded 2.73 seconds at the Windy Hill sprint track, slicing 0.2 seconds off the mark previously shared by Leroy Jetta, Alwyn Davey and Courtenay Dempsey (Real Footy website, March 2008). modify the keyword list to augment your search. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The 20-m shuttle run test (20mSRT)-a progressive aerobic exercise test involving continuous running between 2 lines 20 m apart in time to audio signals-is probably the most widely used field test of CRF. Castagna C, Manzi V, D'Ottavio S, Annino G, Padua E, Bishop D. Relation between maximal aerobic power and the ability to repeat sprints in young basketball players. Despite this, a CV <5% was set as the criterion to declare that a variable was reliable as previously reported (6,9). The precise where and when has been hard to pinpoint, but Drifter's time in Duviri is finally becoming clear. On the other hand, the average sprint distance in team sport athletes has been reported to be between 15-21m (4, 5, 6) and rarely last more than 3-seconds (7, 8, 9). As such, although this could guard against a buildup of fatiguing by-products (and sprint frequency/duration can be increased), it would not be able to sustain power output (i.e., sprint performance). Mateo-Orcajada A, Abenza-Cano L, Cano-Martnez A, Vaquero-Cristbal R. Children (Basel). Rumpf MC, Cronin JB, Oliver JL, Hughes M. Assessing. J Appl Physiol (1985) 92: 17811788, 2002. The test administrators must, therefore, consider their athletes before interpreting the results. Sports (Basel). 39. Five-meter splits were removed from the between-day reliability analysis so that the findings were applicable to both rugby union and rugby league players. The energy systems are phosphocreatine (PCr), anaerobic glycolysis, and the aerobic/oxidative system; these are briefly discussed in turn. J Strength Cond Res 5: 144149, 1991. Available at: 19. Speed tests are typically used solely to measure an athletes linear speed capabilities. Surprisingly, values as high as 40 mmol/kg dry muscle (16) and 4 mmol/kg dry muscle (23) have been recorded after just 6-second sprint cycling and 1.28 seconds of electrical stimulation, respectively. Gabbett TJ. After a standardized warm-up consisting of light jogging, dynamic stretches, and submaximal sprint efforts, players completed 3 maximal sprints with 3-minute rest between attempts. Moir G, Button C, Glaister M, Stone MH. Therefore, the test may be a valid test for one, but not the other. Keywords: 5. Balsom P, Gaitanos D, Ekblom B, Sjdin B. 2004. Participants performed three trials of 20-meters, three minutes apart and the best trial was recorded. It is important to acknowledge that having the best reliability does not mean that a variable is the most useful one at measuring something valuable, as a number of physiological measures have high reliability but may not be sensitive to measurement tools (22). Da Silva JF, Guglielmo LGA, Bishop D. Relationship between different measures of aerobic fitness and repeated sprint ability in elite soccer players. 6. Furthermore, air temperature and wind speed were not measured in this study, both of which impact on air resistance and sprint speed (2). Both researchers and practitioners can use the current findings to ensure that individual changes in performance at 10, 20, 30, and 40 m during a linear sprint are monitored effectively. However, when expressed as a CV%, the TE generally decreases with sprint distance, suggesting that sprinting over longer distances (>20 m) is more reliable in adolescent rugby players. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 34. Before the start of the test, it is important to ensure you have the following items: Test Configuration Sprinting Activities and Distance Covered by Top Level Europa League Soccer Players. procedure: The test involves running a single (2012). Speed - 30 metre sprint test. Harris RC, Edward RH, Hultman E, Nordesjo LO, Nylind B, Sahlin K. The time course of phosphorylcreatine resynthesis during. As it is suggested that both TE and SWC are population specific (25), it would seem that for a true understanding of the relationship between the TE and SWC in a 10-m sprint, the authors should have calculated the SWC within their own population to then give recommendations applicable to professional rugby union players. Both handheld stopwatches and electronic timing gates have been proven to be reliable assessment devices. When reporting RSA test results, total or mean time should be used. The TE at each split in this study ranged from 0.05 to 0.08 seconds, suggesting that the error is consistent across the distance of a sprint. The TE values for all split times were greater than the SWC, giving the test a rating of marginal for usefulness (Table 3). Therefore, the purpose of the study was to calculate the TE and SWC of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 m sprint splits to evaluate reliability and usefulness of linear sprint testing in adolescent rugby players. This has been addressed in rugby union (14) over a distance of 10 m using 3 different starting techniques, with the authors concluding that there is only a marginal chance of reliably detecting a worthwhile change due to the TE (0.02 seconds) being greater than the SWC (0.002 seconds). J Strength Cond Res 20: 246251, 2006. Reliability and accuracy of handheld stopwatches compared with electronic timing in measuring sprint performance. Billat VL, Sirvent P, Py G, Koralsztein JP, Mercier J. Although mean values for W:R are available, they do not suggest the typical movement patterns. References CHU, D.A. Epub 2017 Mar 2. Mechanical properties of sprinting in elite Rugby Union and Rugby league. The tester should provide hints to maximizing speed (such as keeping low, driving hard with the arms and legs) and encouraged to continue running hard past the finish line. J Strength Cond Res 29: 20862096, 2015. The assistant measures out a 20-metre section and marks each end with marker cones. Physical testing is implemented in professional sports worldwide to assist in the prescription and evaluation of training interventions (21,26). The authors report no significant difference (p = 0.175) between the 30-cm and 50-cm start position in 5-m sprint time or initial timing gate error (p = 0.397). Till K, Jones B, Emmonds S, Tester E, Fahey J, Cooke C. Seasonal changes in anthropometric and physical characteristics within English academy rugby league players. Significant involvement (>10%) from the aerobic system would reduce ATP production rate and thus sprint speed. The 10m sprint test is a simple and popular test used to measure an athlete's ability to accelerate. Long-term training-induced changes in sprinting speed and sprint momentum in elite rugby union players. WHEN REPORTING REPEAT SPRINT ABILITY TEST RESULTS, TOTAL OR MEAN TIME SHOULD BE USED. It is important to understand that whenever fitness testing is performed, it must be done so in a consistent environment (e.g. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, Get new journal Tables of Contents sent right to your email inbox, sportsci.org/resource/stats/xprecisionsubject.xls, Reliability and Usefulness of Linear Sprint Testing in Adolescent Rugby Union and League Players, Articles in PubMed by Joshua D. Darrall-Jones, Articles in Google Scholar by Joshua D. Darrall-Jones, Other articles in this journal by Joshua D. Darrall-Jones, Speed, Change of Direction Speed, and Reactive Agility of Rugby League Players, Repeated-Sprint and Effort Ability in Rugby League Players, A Reliable Testing Battery for Assessing Physical Qualities of Elite Academy Rugby League Players, Squat and Bench Press Force-Velocity Profiling in Male and Female Adolescent Rugby Players, Privacy Policy (Updated December 15, 2022), National Strength and Conditioning Association. The publication also determined that high levels of reliability can be achieved without the need for familiarization sessions (18). Mandatory after-school use of step tracker apps improves physical activity, body composition and fitness of adolescents. 2004;22:843850. Though the 20m sprint test is commonly used to measure acceleration in both track and team sport athletes, there is currently uncertainties to what this test actually measures. 16. The authors would like to thank Andrew Rock (Academy director) and the players who were involved in the project. Other variations of the test have also been developed, where the protocol starts at a speed of 8.0 km/h and with either 1 or 2-minute stages, but the original . Only when recovery is reduced to 90 seconds does fatigue significantly affect sprint time, but this is only after the 11th sprint (5). Research has shown that the 20m sprint test is a valid and reliable test when conducted with electronic timing gates. Data were examined to determine whether any between-code differences existed to ensure findings were applicable to both rugby union and rugby league players. Biology open, BIO20148284. var months = new Array ("January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December") How to Cite. The findings demonstrate that junior rugby league players are faster over 5 m than junior rugby union players, with further differences at 10, 20, 30, and 40 m unclear. Both the black circle and white circle represent percent changes in 10-m sprint time of 3.8%. Fitness testing protocols often include a running test of speed, conducted as a maximal sprint over a set distance. The split stance (one leg forward, and one back) is most recommended. However, though little research has been conducted on this topic, the current evidence has demonstrated that team sport athletes and physical education students achieved maximum speeds around 40m when performed from a static standing start (10, 11) and 29m from a flying-start (10). Earp JE, Newton RU. Search for Similar Articles Repeat sprint ability (RSA) describes the ability of an athlete to recover and maintain maximal effort during subsequent sprints, an attribute considered important to team sports. Reliability: The reliability of the test is enhanced if speed gates are used as they are far more precise than using a stop watch. The study conforms to the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (approved by the ethics advisory board of Swansea University) and required players to provide informed consent before participation. Marks were left on the 3G pitch to ensure the identical placement of speed gates between sessions. As the average sprint distance in team sport athletes (e.g. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a good summative measure of the body's ability to perform continuous, rhythmic, dynamic, large-muscle group physical activity, and exercise. Get new journal Tables of Contents sent right to your email inbox, Articles in PubMed by Anthony N. Turner, MSc, CSCS*D, Articles in Google Scholar by Anthony N. Turner, MSc, CSCS*D, Other articles in this journal by Anthony N. Turner, MSc, CSCS*D, Model for Progression of Strength, Power, and Speed Training, The Science and Practice of Periodization: A Brief Review, The Youth Physical Development Model: A New Approach to Long-Term Athletic Development, Energy System Development in the Weight Room: Incorporating Prescribed Rest Periods for NCAA Men's Basketball Players, Concurrent Training Intensities: A Practical Approach for Program Design, Privacy Policy (Updated December 15, 2022), National Strength and Conditioning Association. The white circle demonstrates that a larger TE (3.75%) would not allow the practitioner to detect a change as the TE crosses into the SWC. It is important to understand that in tests where the TE is greater than the SWC, the test is considered as not sensitive, as the detection of biological change is not possible because of the associated error in measuring the test. 14. The relationship between maximal oxygen uptake and repeated sprint performance indices in field hockey and soccer players. Try out our Academy and access our growing library of sports science courses. 23. Performance Testing entails many, many topics. An article in the Perth Sunday Times listed the fitness requirements for a range of sports. Morin and Samozino study says that there must be no less than 5 timing gates. J Appl Physiol 75: 712719, 1993. The 20 Meter Dash is part of the SPARQ rating system for Basketball and Soccer, and their protocol is listed here. Effects of sprint training with or without Ball carry in elite Rugby players. A change is only called clear when the change score (TE expressed as a CV%) is outside the SWC, where the TE crosses into the SWC this is called unclear. The discrepancy is likely attributable to the length of the sprints used, as this may alter the contribution of the aerobic system (5). However, because V[Combining Dot Above]O2max is largely determined by central factors (8), RSA may more strongly correlate with peripheral factors (35). Kinematics of transition during human accelerated sprinting. Nevill AM, DE Menezes-Junior FJ, DE Jesus C, DE Fatima Aguiar Lopes M, Corazza PRP, Tadiotto MC, Mota J, Leite N. Med Sci Sports Exerc. However, it seems that the CV has been calculated from a 40-m sprint (13), questioning the usefulness of this in calculating the SWC for a 10-m sprint. Berthoin S, Dupont G, Pierre M. Predicting sprint kinematic parameters from anaerobic field tests in physical education students. Young WB, Newton RU, Doyle TL, Chapman D, Cormack S, Stewart G, Dawson B. Physiological and anthropometric characteristics of starters and non-starters and playing positions in elite Australian rules football: A case study. The 10m sprint test is a simple and popular test used to measure an athletes ability to accelerate. With the current reliability data in mind, it is now possible for researchers to plot individual changes for participants in studies involving adolescent rugby union and league players to determine whether players improved both beyond the TE and practically (>SWC). Read Now! This could be a two, three, or four-point stance. Results suggest that in addition to training targeting the improvement of vOBLA, it should also focus on improving sprint speed, strength, and power. The latter can be reported by 1 of 2 methods: sprint decrement (Sdec) or the fatigue index (FI). 2. 30. There are around 80 mmol/kg dry muscle of PCr stored in the muscle (17) and with a turnover rate of around 9 mmol ATP/kg dry muscle per second (23); stores are largely depleted within 10 seconds of sprinting (18). The results have been collected from various sources online, and the accuracy of the results cannot be confirmed. When testing, it is therefore imperative that a standardised, consistent protocol is used to reduce variances within the data. See more details of pre-test procedures. Influence of familiarization on the reliability of vertical jump and acceleration sprinting performance in physically active men. The national football league combine: A reliable predictor of draft status? Where the 90% CI crossed both the upper and lower boundaries of the SWC/SPD (ES 0.2), the magnitude of the difference was described as unclear. PP is defined as the maximal power (force times distance divided by time) exerted during very short-duration (5 seconds) work [4]. However, the distances covered at high speed during training or . 13. Would you like email updates of new search results? var md = new Date(document.lastModified) It is also recommended that practitioners working with adolescent athletes should monitor changes in physical qualities (e.g., linear sprint times) to allow informed decisions to be made regarding the progression of athletes (29). For the 5m sprint test, we recommended a distance of 0.3m. Please enable scripts and reload this page. Rollo S, Fraser BJ, Seguin N, Sampson M, Lang JJ, Tomkinson GR, Tremblay MS. Sports Med. Darrall-Jones, Joshua D.1,2; Jones, Ben1,2; Roe, Gregory1,2; Till, Kevin1,2. 27. facility) so that it is protected from varying weather types, and with a dependable surface that is not affected by wet or slippery conditions. The first 20m of Usain Bolts 9.69 second 100m run at the 2008 Olympic Games was in 2.87 seconds. Both the CV (0.6%) and 10-m sprint time (1.75 seconds) are then used to calculate a between-subject SD (1.75 0.6%) and multiplied by 0.2 to give the SWC. Reduced oxygen availability during high intensity intermittent exercise impairs performance. However, there is no current research which identifies an optimal height for testing. The main finding from this study was that 10, 20, 30, and 40 m time are reliable when using a single beam timing system, with players starting 50 cm behind the start of a sprint, with CV values corresponding to 3.1, 1.8, 2.0, and 1.3%, respectively. J Strength Cond Res 30(5): 13591364, 2016The purpose of this study was to evaluate (a) whether there were differences in sprint times at 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 m between rugby union and rugby league players, (b) determine the reliability and usefulness of linear sprint testing in adolescent rugby players. may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed If you know of something I have missed, I would love. Nonetheless, this difference means there are implications with regards to what the 20m sprint test measures depending on the athlete being tested.
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