a. talk to girls more than boys. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . b. gendered unemployment. According to national surveys, most U.S. parents support which type of sex education program in school? Cultural Multiple layers of disadvantage intersect to create the way we experience race. Your text argues that the type of career pursued by women is a "structured choice," which means c. promote technology. In this theory, Cooley argued that an individuals perception of himself or herself is based primarily how society views him or her. Sociologists associate sexuality with _______. It is easy to see how someone living in the Northeastern United States, who may know no Mexican Americans personally, might gain a stereotyped impression from such sources as Speedy Gonzalez or Taco Bells talking Chihuahua. a. the masculine overcompensation thesis. white over color ascendancy serves important purposes, psychic and material (p. 7) Conflict theories are often applied to inequalities of gender, social class, education, race, and ethnicity. a. children require more time and attention than jobs outside the home. a. exposure to pollutants through cooking d. sexualizing of young girls and boys. Symbolic Interactionism is a theoretical framework in sociology that describes how societies are created and maintained through the repeated actions of individuals (Carter and Fuller, 2015). (There are certainly exceptions.) b. language Without these interactions, individuals in the dominant group would not hold racist views. The theory of doing gender is most closely associated with which of the following sociological perspectives? and you must attribute OpenStax. It is easy to see how someone living in the Northeastern United States, who may know no Mexican Americans personally, might gain a stereotyped impression from such sources as Speedy Gonzalez or Taco Bells talking Chihuahua. consent of Rice University. d. all of these. d. passage of the Civil Rights Amendment. How can racism and discrimination contribute positively to society? Consider the way slave owners justified slavery in the antebellum South, by suggesting Black people were fundamentally inferior to White and preferred slavery to freedom. Sexual harassment laws a. Roman Catholic The research finding that women who are mothers are viewed as less competent and committed to paid work than non-mothers, and that mothers feel pressured to choose professions with flexible hours is referred to as the d. balancing act. For example, Vivien Thomas (19101985), the Black surgical technician who helped develop the groundbreaking surgical technique that saves the lives of blue babies was classified as a janitor for many years, and paid as such, despite the fact that he was conducting complicated surgical experiments. c. lower unemployment. The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo d. 98 percent, 1. Females are more biologically equipped for household labor and childcare. When Travis and Carrie decide who will take on which household task they tend to rely on what they learned as children. Women's hormonal makeup is calming, making them uniquely qualified to take care of little children and the When subjects in a research study were asked to list the best things about being the opposite sex, males most often, 1. d. The Equal Rights Amendment of 1972. Problems arise when one or more racial or ethnic groups experience inequalities and discriminations. c. women tend to choose traditionally female jobs. 11.3C: The Interactionist Perspective is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Teachers tend to attribute girls' success in math to their amount of effort. Conflict theorists examine power disparities and struggles between various racial and ethnic groups. According to Bonacich, this will naturally lead to resentment and ethnic antagonism between these groups of workers. c. relative resources approach d. a female perceived to be dishonoring her family. c. music and the arts. d. 1980s, 1. Consider the casually racist imagery on grocery store shelves or the stereotypes that fill popular movies and advertisements. a. hunting and gathering Jeff says that women who get drunk in bars and go home with strangers are just "asking" to be raped. b. many cancers. d. all of these. a. authenticity b. day care facilities. 1._____________ refers to the blending of traditionally defined masculine and feminine characteristics. c. stress-related activities the way in which the meanings assigned to sex and gender as social categories create disparities in resources such as income, power, and status. d. Structural, 1. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written The belief held by a society that females are less valuable than males is an example of. 1. c. genderized poverty. Within the institution of higher education, Ladson-Billings and Tate (1995) noted that racialization and marginalization result in African American students coming to the university as "intruders" (p. 60). ___________ refers to the ways in which the norms, values, beliefs, and symbols of a society perpetuate the subordination of an individual or group on the basis of sex. A conflict theory perspective of U.S. history would examine the numerous past and current struggles between the White ruling class and racial and ethnic minorities, noting specific conflicts that have arisen when the dominant group perceived a threat from the minority group. This is a cultural belief system in which men are expected to desire and seek sex, but women are expected to be sexual only within committed, romantic relationships. a. is antifeminist. In many countries, women lack power to refuse sex or negotiate protected sex. b. be designed to be stimulating and exciting. c. The Equal Education Act of 1984 b. do not address teasing or creating an uncomfortable atmosphere. Erving Goffman, one of the forefathers of this theoretical perspective, emphasized the importance of control in social interactions. How does each contribute to who you are, and how would possible change alter your self-defined identity? Consider the casually racist imagery on grocery store shelves or the stereotypes that fill popular movies and advertisements. Research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation _______. 1. d. lack of money. d. the overrepresentation of women in unskilled and semiskilled positions. 1. In general, men are socialized into________ roles. Men hold more high-earning, leadership jobs than women. b. women in traditionally male jobs are less likely to be promoted to high managerial or administrative positions. 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The National Organization for Women is the largest _________ organization in the United States. According to labeling theory, which of the following are requirements for labeling sexual behavior as deviant? b. Sociologists argue that women's jobs are undervalued, because they include a significant amount of a. cirrhosis of the liver. a. a decrease of women in the workforce after World War II. a. expressive Functionalism emphasizes that all the elements of society have functions that promote solidarity and maintain order and stability in society. Girls and boys are treated equally in schools. b. an employer who requires sexual favors of an employee in exchange for a salary increase a. objectification of women but not men. a. structural sexism Because he was a man entering the traditionally female field of elementary school teaching, Edward was promoted to school principal over his female counterparts who had more experience. Because men have more education, higher incomes, and more prestigious occupations, they are less responsible for domestic labor. For example, if we want to understand prejudice, we must understand that the prejudice focused on a white woman because of her gender is very different from the layered prejudice focused on a poor Asian woman, who is affected by stereotypes related to being poor, being a woman, and her ethnic status. Another way to apply the interactionist perspective is to look at how people define their races and the race of others. Worldwide, women represent percent of representatives to legislative bodies. (Santiago Canyon College). differences in women's and men's levels of education, skills, training, and work experience. c. gender stereotypes On the other hand, Rose (1951) suggested that dysfunctions associated with racism include the failure to take advantage of talent in the subjugated group, and that society must divert from other purposes the time and effort needed to maintain artificially constructed racial boundaries. citation tool such as, Authors: Tonja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, Asha Lal Tamang. Which of the following religious denominations has the most nontraditional beliefs about women's roles? c. Husbands view their wives as property, which was acquired by marriage for the purpose of taking care of their children and household. c. Canada. The United States ranked, 1. b. listen to girls more than boys. The feminization of poverty reflects all of the following EXCEPT c. Quakers Institutional sexism Christine Williams (1992) found that males encounter a _______ _____________, or invisible pressure to move up in their profession. b. refusal to ask for help Functionalist views of race study the role dominant and marginalized groups play to create a stable social structure. 40% As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. For instance, if a teacher labels their students as either "intelligent and motivated" or "slow and lazy" based on racial and ethnic stereotypes, this could impact interactions in the classroom and may also lead to an internalization of those stereotypes and lower academic performance (Rist, 1970; Steele, 2010). 1. d. 81%. Social interaction includes all language, including body language and mannerisms. d. Both females and males believe that women are superior at details and nurturing, thus, the females should be responsible for the home and children. a. at birth. b. overt d. man without children. c. Hispanic and black female-headed households b. 5. intersectionality The "glass escalator effect" refers to the process by which For example, social justice policies (e.g. c. the selffulfilling prophecy. 1.The biological classifications of males and females reflect the concept of. a. Britain. a. b. the glass escalator effect. b. live about the same number of years as women. Critical race theory in education, like its antecedent in legal scholarship, is a radical critique of both the status quo and the purported reforms (Ladson-Billings & Tate, 1995, p. 62). As you read through these theories, ask yourself which one makes the most sense and why. c. 82 percent b. We can examine issues of race and ethnicity through five different sociological perspectives: functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, intersection theory, and critical race theory. 1. d. nursing. 1. d. Gender norms dictate that men have more partners than women, which puts women at risk. All of the following are true of gender and HIV/AIDS worldwide EXCEPT The belief that laws that make sex work illegal are created by people with power, influence, and the ability to institutionalize their conceptualizations of particular morals and values is most closely associated with which of the following sociological perspectives? 1. a. This is any literary or artistic material meant to cause sexual feelings. d. the elderly, 1. then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, c. because women are more likely to be at home, they have more time to perform domestic chores. d. Individual sexism. 1. a. improvements in men's health but a decline in women's health. b. Because we are all exposed to these images and thoughts, it is impossible to know to what extent they have influenced our thought processes. a. prohibit an employer from requiring sexual favors in exchange for a promotion, salary increase, or any other employee benefit. c. feeling duties. b. men's rights 1. a. c. 20 1. According to symbolic interactionists, gender assignment begins d. jobs are less dangerous. To understand race as a social construction is to understand that racial categories are invented, manipulated, or retired when convenient ( Delgado & Stefancic, 2001, p. 7). d. industrial. What is the term for jobs that offer few benefits, often have low prestige, and are disproportionately held by b. gender role ideology. d. the United States. a. b. mother with young children. a. women 1. b. socially constructed. 1848 The boy code refers to Labeling theory is most closely associated with which of the following sociological perspectives? 1. 1. Its worth noting that race, in this sense, is also a system of labeling that provides a source of identity; specific labels fall in and out of favor during different social eras. The American feminist movement began in which year? Collins & Bilge (2020) combine the critical inquiry into inequalities and stratification with critical praxis to advance social justice. A study of 200 "topselling" children's picture books found b. Symbolic interactionism aims to understand human behavior by analyzing the critical role of symbols in human interaction. d. equality for all groups. d. Sex stereotypes are reinforced and created in schools. 10 percent b. human capital EXCEPT b. inheritance laws in agricultural societies increased the power of females in the family. Carl argues sex work should be legal because he believes clients of sex workers get an outlet for a variety of sexual acts they may be unable to fulfill in other ways. a. pathetic and silly.
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